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Gibson, Brian
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U.S. HISTORY UNIFYING CONCEPTS
REPUBLIC
A FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN WHICH THE PEOPLE USE THEIR POWER TO ELECT REPRESENTATIVES TO MAKE DECISIONS ON THEIR BEHALF
DEMOCRACY
A FORM OF GOVERNMENT THAT PLACES POWER IN THE HANDS OF THE PEOPLE
LIBERTY
THE FREEDOM TO THINK OR ACT WITHOUT BEING LIMITED BY UNNECESSARY FORCE
RIGHTS
BASIC CONDITIONS GUARANTEED TO EACH PERSON
POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
THE PRINCIPLE THAT GOVERNMENT WAS CREATED BY AND IS SUBJECT TO THE WILL OF THE PEOPLE
OPPORTUNITY
THE PROMISE THAT PEOPLE SHOULD HAVE THE CHANCE TO ATTAIN THEIR HOPES AND DREAMSSALUTARY NEGLECTUnofficial British practice(1607-1763) toward the colonies in which Parliament did not strictly enforce policies in the colonies. This was followed to ensure colonial loyalty to Great Britain. This policy ended after the French & Indian War and the accumulation of a huge war debt.MANIFEST DESTINY
THE BELIEF THAT AMERICANS SHOULD HAVE AN OBVIOUS GOD GIVEN RIGHT TO ALL OF THE LAND FROM THE ATLANTIC TO THE PACIFIC
EQUALITY
THE CONDITION OF BEING EQUAL
ENLIGHTENMENT IDEALS
- BELIEF IN REASON
- BELIEF IN NATURE
- BELIEF IN PROGRESS
- BELIEF IN EQUALITY
- BELIEF IN LIBERTY
FEDERALISM
THE SHARING OF POWER BETWEEN THE STATES & NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
CHECKS & BALANCES
- a system by which each branch of the U.S. Government excercises power of the others to maintain balance
JUDICIAL BRANCH
-interprets the law in relation to the U.S. Constitution
-made up of the Supreme Court, Federal Courts of Appeal and lesser courts
EXECUTIVE BRANCH
-enforces the law
-made up of the President of the United States and his cabinet
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
-passes the law-made up of the Senate & the House of Representatives___________________________________
MAGNA CARTA
1215
(GREAT CHARTER)
AN ENGLISH DOCUMENT WHICH PLACED LIMITS ON THE POWER OF MONARCHS TO RULE
ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS
1689
A DOCUMENT THAT ESTABLISHED BASIC RIGHTS FOR ALL ENGLISHMEN
MAYFLOWER COMPACT
AN AGREEMENT BY THE PASSENGERS THAT THEY WOULD LIVE BY MAJORITY RULE
ALBANY PLAN OF UNION
A PLAN SUGGESTED BY BEN FRANKLIN WHICH CALLED FOR THE COLONIES TO JOIN TOGETHER FOR COMMON DEFENSE
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
1776
A FORMAL STATEMENT OF GRIEVANCES AND REASONS FOR THE SEPARATION OF THE AMERICAN COLONIES FROM THE BRITISH CROWN
UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION
1789THE FRAMEWORK FOR OUR GOVERNMENT WHICH ESTABLISHED THREE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT WITH A CLEAR SEPARATION OF POWERSJohn Locke, Social Contract Theorycontained in Two Treatises on Government• People have God given rights including Life, Liberty, and Property.• Governments are formed to protect people's rights.• When governments fail to protect people's rights they have broken the Social Contract and the people have the right to change the government.
BILL OF RIGHTS
Written by James Madison
THE FIRST TEN AMENDMENTS TO THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION
MARBURY V. MADISONSUPREME COURT DECISION WHICH CLEARLY ESTABLISHED THE POWER OF THE COURT FOR JUDICIAL REVIEW OF LAWSGettysburg Address
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate, we can not consecrate, we can not hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.